Health and environment
atefeh dehnabi; ahmad Allahabadi; MohammadHossein Saghi; Forough Riahimanesh
Volume 29, Issue 4 , September and October 2022, , Pages 531-548
Abstract
Introduction: Today, heavy metals and organic compounds such as dyes are among the most dangerous pollutants that have entered surface and groundwater and threaten human health. The aim of this study was to investigate the removal of reactive orange 3R dye and chromium by adsorption separately and simultaneously ...
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Introduction: Today, heavy metals and organic compounds such as dyes are among the most dangerous pollutants that have entered surface and groundwater and threaten human health. The aim of this study was to investigate the removal of reactive orange 3R dye and chromium by adsorption separately and simultaneously activated carbon.
Materials and Methods: In this study, Sycamore carbon modified with NH4Cl was used to remove contaminants. Effect of variables such as pH (2-9), adsorbent concentration (0.5-1-0 g/L), pollutant concentration (10-50 mg/L) and contact time (2-40 minutes) on dye and chromium removal (simultaneously and separately) were calculated. Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models and kinetics were also investigated.
Results: The results of this study showed that activated carbon at pH = 4, 0.4 g/L adsorbent at 15 min contact time has the best removal conditions for both paint and chromium contaminants. Under optimal conditions, activated carbon was able to remove 72% of chromium and 84% of dye separately and 59% of chromium and 67% of dye simultaneously in solution at a concentration of 25 mg/L. The study of adsorption isotherms also showed that the experiments were more consistent with the Freundlich model.The absorption kinetics follows Pseudo-second order equations.
Conclusion: According to the results, this adsorbent has a good performance in separate and simultaneous removal of paint and chromium and can be used to treat wastewater containing organic and inorganic contaminants.
Health and environment
Mousa Aminivafa; Ahmad Allahabadi; Golamreza Moussavi; Hosein Fahimi
Volume 28, Issue 6 , January and February 2022, , Pages 838-849
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Antibiotics, comprising a significant amount of pharmaceutical compounds, are used as human and veterinary treatments . these antibiotics come to appear as contaminantoin soil, surface water, groundwater, and even drinkingwater.Advanced oxidation processes such as catalytic ...
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Background and Objectives: Antibiotics, comprising a significant amount of pharmaceutical compounds, are used as human and veterinary treatments . these antibiotics come to appear as contaminantoin soil, surface water, groundwater, and even drinkingwater.Advanced oxidation processes such as catalytic ozonation are effective to remove the antibiotics form water and wastewaterThe aim of this study was to investigate the efficiency of Catalytic Ozonation Process for tetracycline antibiotics removal from contaminated watersMaterial and method:In this design, an ozonation pilot with a volume of 200 cc was used. In each experiment, the tetracycline solution was poured into the desired concentration, the pH of the sample was adjusted with sulfuric acid and NaOH. At different times of 5 to 30 minutes and different pHs of 2 to 10 ozonation was performed at the dose of 0.8 mg/min. Then, under these conditions, ozonation was performed in the presence of activated carbon catalyst and a sample was discharged from the pilot and analyzed (HPLC) to determine the remaining tetracycline.Results:The results showed that under optimum conditions of pH= 8 and ozone dose of 0.8 mg / min and contact time of 30 minutes ozonation only eliminated 59% of tetracycline and in the same conditions catalytic ozonation with 0.01 g/L carbon. The Calligonum comosum tree was able to remove 100% tetracycline in 30 minutes.Conclusion: The results of this study showed that carbon catalyzed ozonation from wood Calligonum comosum waste can be used as an advanced treatment method.
Health and environment
Reza Hekmatshoar; Shahrzad Khoramnejadian; Ahmad Allahabadi; MohammadHossein Saghi
Volume 28, Issue 4 , September and October 2021, , Pages 533-544
Abstract
Introduction: Penicillin G (PG) is one of the most widely antibiotics used around the world. The release of PG in an aqueous solution leads to contamination of water resources. This study aimed to determine the efficiency of modified Eskanbil activated carbon for the removal of PG from aqueous solutions. ...
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Introduction: Penicillin G (PG) is one of the most widely antibiotics used around the world. The release of PG in an aqueous solution leads to contamination of water resources. This study aimed to determine the efficiency of modified Eskanbil activated carbon for the removal of PG from aqueous solutions. The NH4Cl-induced activated carbon was synthesized by a simple method and used for the degradation of PG in contaminated water.
Materials and Methods: Activated carbon was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis. The influence of important parameters including solution pH, contact time, and initial PG concentration, and dosage of adsorbent was examined on the efficiency of EAC in degradation of penicillin G in aqueous solution.
Results: The synthesized carbon was characterized. The BET results indicated that the surface area of the Activated Carbon catalyst was1473 m2/g. The maximum PG adsorption onto EAC was observed at the pH of 6. The PG removal of 33% at an EAC concentration of 0.1 g/L increased to 99.98% at an activated carbon concentration of 0.5 g/L. The isotherm and kinetic studies of PG removal by EAC showed that the Freundlich model (R2>0.995) and the pseudo-second-order (R2>0.983) equation represented the best fit with the adsorption data.
Conclusion: EAC is recommended as a suitable and cost-efficient adsorbent for removing poisons, pharmaceuticals, and other emerging contaminants from water resources.
Health and environment
Ahmad Allahabadi; Abolfazl Rahmani Sani; MohammadHossein Saghi; Hamideh Behrozikhah; Shahram Sadeghi; Mohammadreza Behrouzikhah
Volume 26, Issue 1 , March and April 2019, , Pages 63-71
Abstract
AbstractBackground: One of the most important environmental pollutants that there is in sewage of different industrials is cyanide to cause pollution of water sources that are dangerous to humans and the environment. Cyanide can be removed in different ways from the aqueous media, but most of these methods ...
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AbstractBackground: One of the most important environmental pollutants that there is in sewage of different industrials is cyanide to cause pollution of water sources that are dangerous to humans and the environment. Cyanide can be removed in different ways from the aqueous media, but most of these methods are costly. Therefore, the aim of this study is the removal cyanide using iron nanoparticles. Material and Methods: Removal of cyanide from aqueous media using iron nanoparticles in various conditions including the effect of the adsorbent, initial cyanide concentration, contact time and pH were studied in discontinuous phase. In this study, adsorption equilibrium and also the kinetics of the reaction examined.Results: In the process of sharing discontinuous, the balance was achieved after 120 minutes of contact time and maximum amount of removal cyanide in the pH =11 for cyanide concentration of 2.5 mg/L and 1 gr of nanoparticle over 97% obtained. Also the results showed that the adsorption process fitted with Langmuir isotherm and chemical kinetic fitted with of secondary grade.Conclusion: According to the findings, iron nanoparticles can be used as a suitable option for removal cyanide from aqueous solution in hazardous waste. Keywords: iron nanoparticles, cyanide, hazardous waste
Zahra Rezaei Gozal Abad; Ahmad Alah Abadi; Ahmad Hosseini-Bandegharaei; Ayoob Rastegar; Farzad Mohammadi; Shahram Nazari
Volume 23, Issue 4 , September and October 2016, , Pages 608-617
Abstract
Objectives Phenol is known as a toxic and carcinogen compound in the environment. It also produces unpleasant taste and odor in water reservoirs. In this study, the efficiencies of modified and conventional rice husk ashes as low-cost adsorbents were compared regarding phenol removal from aqueous solutions. ...
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Objectives Phenol is known as a toxic and carcinogen compound in the environment. It also produces unpleasant taste and odor in water reservoirs. In this study, the efficiencies of modified and conventional rice husk ashes as low-cost adsorbents were compared regarding phenol removal from aqueous solutions. Methods This study is an interventional laboratory research in which, at first carbonized rice husk was prepared at a temperature of 450°C. Then, to improve rice husk ash adsorption capacity, NH4CL was used for its modification. Then, the effects of physiochemical factors (pH, contact time, phenol concentration and adsorbent dose) on phenol removal were studied. Results Findings showed that the phenol removal by modified and conventional rice husk ash was 94.85% and 52.8%, respectively. The adsorption process for both adsorbents followed Freundlich isotherm (R2≥ 0. 99) and the pseudo-second order model (R2>0.99). Maximum adsorption capacity based on Langmuir model for the modified and conventional husk rice ashes were 66.6 mg/g and 4.7 mg/g, respectively. Conclusion Results indicated that efficiency of modified husk rice ash was more than that of the conventional type in phenol removal, causing less adsorbent consuming in the industrial treatment plants. Therefore, because of its availability and easy modification, it can be used in water and wastewater technology for phenol removal.
Gholamreza Moussavi; Ahamd Allahabadi; Milad Ganbary; Morteza Dab; Fahimeh Mircholi
Volume 23, Issue 4 , September and October 2016, , Pages 652-661
Abstract
Background Malathion is a pesticide with the highest consumption in phosphoric pesticides. This pesticide has acute and chronic effects. Therefore, for the protection of the water and human health against the harmful effects of these compounds, they must be removed by appropriate treatment of wastewater ...
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Background Malathion is a pesticide with the highest consumption in phosphoric pesticides. This pesticide has acute and chronic effects. Therefore, for the protection of the water and human health against the harmful effects of these compounds, they must be removed by appropriate treatment of wastewater and water resources. Among the treatment methods, the ozonation process has drawn more attention; one of the best options of ozonation process is the catalytic ozonation process (COP)with activated carbon.Materials & Methods In this study, at first the synthetic wastewater was prepared at the mentioned concentration with pure malathion. Then, removal malathion experiments in a cylindrical pilot with a total volume of 200 mL were performed by single ozonation and catalytic ozonation process with use of NH4Cl-induced activated carbon (NAC) obtained from of agricultural waste. Study variables included pH, contact time, the concentration of ozone, and the concentration of catalyst. In all conditions, the sole catalytic ozonation adsorption and catalystic synergistic effects were evaluated.Results The results showed that the removal efficiency of ozone in alkaline pH is higher. Also, in 200 mL samples containing 50 mg/L malathion and 0.1 g/L concentration of catalyst in carbon NAC, in the COP test for 50 minutes, the malathion removal performance was 62.9% in ozonation; 100% in catalytic ozonation, 22% in adsorbtion only, and 15.1% in the synergism effect. It showed the high removal efficiency of COP/NAC.
Mahnaz Torabi-Hokmabadi; Ahamd Alahabadi; Abolfazl Rahmani-Sani; Somayyeh Zarei-Tazarghi; Hamidreza Karimi-Sani; Mohamadreza Behrozikhah
Volume 23, Issue 3 , July and August 2016, , Pages 504-515
Abstract
Background Painkillers such as diclofenac are widely used in human medicine and veterinary medicine. Because of their excretion into water resources and subsequent environmental hazards, their removal from the waters and wastewaters is essential. Since, these drugs cannot undergo biodegradation, an advanced ...
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Background Painkillers such as diclofenac are widely used in human medicine and veterinary medicine. Because of their excretion into water resources and subsequent environmental hazards, their removal from the waters and wastewaters is essential. Since, these drugs cannot undergo biodegradation, an advanced treatment such as adsorption method must be applied for their removal and one of the best adsorbents in this regard is activated carbon. This study aimed to investigate the removal of diclofenac contaminant by NH4Cl-induced activated carbon.Materials & Methods Activated carbon produced from agricultural wastes was impregnated with ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) and activated at 800°C. The experiments were conducted in a closed system using a magnet stirrer at 100 rpm. In this investigation, the effects of several variables, namely adsorbent concentration, contact time, pH, and temperature, on the removal of diclofenac were evaluated. Then, isotherms and adsorption thermodynamic were explored. We used DR 5000 spectrophotometer model for drug analysis with the wavelength of 275 nm.Results The produced NAC (NH4Cl-induced activated carbon), having the special surface of 1029 m2/g and pores volume of 2.46 nm, was able to remove 0.81% of diclofenac from a solution of 50 mg/L at the sorbent concentration of 0.8 mg/L, pH 6, in 20 minutes time. The equilibrium adsorption experiments showed that the absorption of diclofenac on NAC followed the Longmuir model and the absorption capacity was 212.5 mg/g. Using the diclofenac concentration of 50 mg/L and other optimal conditions, thermodynamic studies of diclofenac absorption on NAC showed that the amount of drug removal increased from 73% to 95% with increasing temperature from 10°C to 40°C. Conclusion NAC can be used as a convenient and inexpensive adsorbent for the removal of diclofenac and other drug compounds from polluted waters and wastewaters.